With an estimated 3.9 million people still displaced across Somalia, the United Nations has warned that Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) continue to pose a severe threat to civilian safety, freedom of movement, and long-term recovery efforts.
According to the United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS), ERW contamination—including unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs)—has been a major barrier for displaced families returning to their homes and for communities rebuilding their lives. Many of these remnants are found in areas previously under the control of armed groups or in regions affected by prolonged conflict.
In response, UNMAS Somalia has ramped up support to the Somali National Army (SNA), focusing on enhancing local capabilities in explosive hazard management. Since 2021, UNMAS has trained and equipped 50 Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams within the SNA.
These teams are now actively engaged in clearing explosive threats in various regions, making areas safer for civilians, humanitarian actors, and infrastructure development.
To ensure sustainability and long-term national ownership, UNMAS has also delivered Training of Trainers (ToT) courses. These programs have created a cadre of Somali instructors capable of independently training future EOD personnel—reducing reliance on international trainers and building institutional knowledge within the country’s security apparatus.
Despite progress, the UN emphasizes that ERW remains a deadly risk, particularly for children, herders, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) who often return to heavily contaminated areas.
The presence of ERW undermines livelihood activities such as farming, grazing, and trade, further exacerbating humanitarian needs in a country already grappling with climate shocks, food insecurity, and recurring violence.
UNMAS Somalia reiterated its commitment to supporting national authorities and called for increased funding and coordination to accelerate clearance efforts and community risk education.
The threat of ERW, the UN says, is not just a security issue—it is a major humanitarian and development challenge that must be addressed to enable Somalia’s recovery and stability.