The strategic offer from Somaliland to lease the Berbera port and airstrip to the United States in exchange for formal recognition has sparked significant geopolitical discussions. Former U.S. Ambassador Herman J. Cohen, who also serves as Assistant Secretary of State, has advocated for the U.S. to accept this proposal, suggesting it could enhance regional trade and counterterrorism efforts.
However, the situation is complex. Somalia’s President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud has also extended an offer to the U.S., proposing exclusive control over key air bases and ports, including Berbera. This move has been met with strong opposition from Somaliland’s leadership, who assert that Somalia lacks authority over Berbera and cannot make such agreements on its behalf.
Adding to the complexity, Ethiopia and Somaliland signed a memorandum of understanding in January 2024, granting Ethiopia access to 19 km of Somaliland’s coastline near Berbera. In return, Ethiopia agreed to recognize Somaliland’s independence, a move that Somalia has vehemently opposed, viewing it as a violation of its sovereignty.
The Berbera port’s strategic location on the Gulf of Aden makes it a valuable asset for international trade and military operations. Its proximity to the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, a critical maritime chokepoint, underscores its importance in global commerce and security.
While the U.S. has not officially recognized Somaliland, there have been discussions within the U.S. government about establishing a representative office in Hargeisa to counter China’s growing influence in the region.
In summary, the U.S. faces a multifaceted decision involving strategic interests, regional stability, and international diplomacy. Engaging with Somaliland could offer significant advantages, but it also requires careful navigation of existing geopolitical tensions.