The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been a significant contributor to security forces in Somalia, particularly through its support of the Puntland Maritime Police Force (PMPF). Since the PMPF’s establishment in 2010, the UAE has provided approximately $50 million annually for training, equipment, and salaries.
Initially formed to combat piracy along Somalia’s coastline, the PMPF has expanded its role to include counterterrorism operations, notably against jihadist insurgents in the Galgala Mountains and securing key areas like Qandala from Islamic State affiliates.
In addition to supporting the PMPF, the UAE has been involved in training and funding other Somali security forces. Since 2014, the UAE has trained and paid salaries for thousands of Somali National Army (SNA) cadets. Although a dispute in 2018 led to a temporary cessation of this support, training resumed in 2022 with the return of President Hassan Sheikh to power.
The UAE has also strengthened its ties with the Somaliland administration. In February 2025, Somaliland’s military chief, Major General Nim’an Yusuf Osman, held talks in Abu Dhabi with the UAE’s Chief of Staff, Lieutenant General Eisa Saif Mohammed Al Mazrouei, focusing on defense collaboration, military modernization, and security assistance. The UAE pledged support in areas such as military training, advanced defense technology, and logistical support. These developments align with the UAE’s strategic interest in expanding its military presence in the Horn of Africa, particularly in the port city of Berbera, to project power deeper into East Africa and counter the influence of other regional players.
Overall, the UAE’s engagement in Somalia and Somaliland reflects its broader strategy to enhance its influence in the Horn of Africa through security cooperation and investment in critical infrastructure.