Economy & BusinessBenadir PM Barre Launches Cabinet Performance Review, Touts Three Years of Progress August 17, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Somali Defence Chief, UNSOS Bolster Security Partnership August 11, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somali Troops Honored After Completing Military Training in China August 8, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Ex-PM Roble Calls for Unity and Dialogue to Tackle Somalia’s Challenges August 7, 20252 min read PoliticsSomaliland Somaliland Slams Mogadishu Over “North-Eastern State,” Warns of Civil War Risk August 2, 20252 min read International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Somali Defence Chief, UNSOS Bolster Security Partnership August 11, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somali Troops Honored After Completing Military Training in China August 8, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Ex-PM Roble Calls for Unity and Dialogue to Tackle Somalia’s Challenges August 7, 20252 min read PoliticsSomaliland Somaliland Slams Mogadishu Over “North-Eastern State,” Warns of Civil War Risk August 2, 20252 min read International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Somali Troops Honored After Completing Military Training in China August 8, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Ex-PM Roble Calls for Unity and Dialogue to Tackle Somalia’s Challenges August 7, 20252 min read PoliticsSomaliland Somaliland Slams Mogadishu Over “North-Eastern State,” Warns of Civil War Risk August 2, 20252 min read International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Ex-PM Roble Calls for Unity and Dialogue to Tackle Somalia’s Challenges August 7, 20252 min read PoliticsSomaliland Somaliland Slams Mogadishu Over “North-Eastern State,” Warns of Civil War Risk August 2, 20252 min read International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
PoliticsSomaliland Somaliland Slams Mogadishu Over “North-Eastern State,” Warns of Civil War Risk August 2, 20252 min read International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
International RelationsBenadir AU Appoints New Leaders to Revive Somalia Peace Mission July 31, 20251 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia, Türkiye Renew Defence Ties with Revised Protocol July 24, 20252 min read SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Comoros Defence Minister Arrives in Mogadishu for EASF Summit July 18, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Somalia’s Elite Goodir Police Unit Marks 10 Years of Heroic Service July 18, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
Economy & BusinessBenadir Interior Minister Holds Talks with SSC-Khaatumo Elders July 12, 20252 min read Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
Entertainment & LifestyleSomaliland Somali Police Rewarded for Role in Securing Independence Week Celebrations July 7, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
Economy & BusinessBenadir Somali Ministers Attend Tanzania’s 65th Independence Day, Inaugurate Embassy June 30, 20252 min read Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
Economy & BusinessBenadir Somalia and AU Pledge Stronger Cooperation in Key Talks June 26, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
PoliticsBenadir Somalia, UNDP Approve 2025 Police Reform Plan June 18, 20251 min read PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
PoliticsBenadir Somalia to Host Key EASF Policy Meeting in July June 15, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More Home Politics Security Elections More News Premium Economy & Business Education Entertainment & Lifestyle Environment & Climate Health International Relations Technology & Innovation Sports News By Region Nationwide Benadir Galmudug Hirshabelle Jubaland Puntland South West State Somaliland North Eastern State Resources Infographics Downloads Videos FAQ About Somalia
SecurityBenadir Somalia Denies Al-Shabaab Claim of Downing AU Helicopter June 9, 20251 min read SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read Load More
SecurityBenadir Somalia, UNMAS Boost Cooperation on Landmine Clearance June 2, 20251 min read Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read
Environment & ClimateBenadir Somali PM Calls Emergency Meeting Amid Security Shakeup Rumors June 1, 20251 min read
